What it measures
Four scales
The survey has three parts: what the campus offers (cultural relevance and responsiveness), what the student has internalized, and how much the student belongs. Higher scores on the campus and belonging scales are better; higher internalized oppression scores mean more negative messages have been taken in.
Part A · Items 1–5Cultural relevance
Contact with people who share one's background, knowledge about one's community, chances to give back, cross-cultural engagement and cultural validation. Based on the cultural relevance indicators of the Culturally Engaging Campus Environments (CECE) model (Museus, 2014).
Part A · Items 6–9Cultural responsiveness
A collectivist campus culture, caring relationships with faculty and staff, support that reaches students before they ask, and at least one person who helps with almost anything. Based on the CECE cultural responsiveness indicators.
Part B · Items 10–17Internalized racial oppression
Accepting a deficit history of one's group, devaluing its worldview, believing that natural features are less professional or attractive, and believing negative stereotypes. Built on the domains studied by Bailey et al. (2011) and the pre-encounter stage of Cross's Nigrescence theory, with original items for all students of color.
Part C · Items 18–20Belonging
Feeling part of, valued by and connected to the campus. In the CECE model, culturally engaging environments lead to belonging, which supports persistence and success (Museus & Shiroma, 2022).